ABSTRACT
Objective@#To investigate the correlation between age-related hearing loss and cognitive impairment.@*Methods@#201 elderly patients, who were admitted to the Department of Otorhinolaryngology of Peking University People′s Hospital from March 1, 2017 to March 31, 2017, were evaluated with hearing screening and the Montreal Cognitive Assessment Scale. Among them, 101 were female and 100 were male, aged 60-90 years old. Taking the cognitive level as the dependent variable, and taking the age, sex, education, occupation, marital status, residence, and average hearing loss (average hearing threshold of 500, 1 000, 2 000, and 4 000 Hz), as well as the length of conscious hearing loss as the independent variables, the single factor analysis and multivariate linear regression analysis were used to screen the main factors affecting the cognitive level of the elderly.@*Results@#Of the 201 elderly patients, 39 had normal hearing, 65 had mild hearing loss, 80 had moderate hearing loss, 16 had severe hearing loss, and 1 had profound hearing loss. The average degree of hearing loss was the influencing factor of cognitive impairment, and it mainly affected the directional force and abstract ability in the cognitive domains (P<0.05); The age, self-reported hearing loss, years of education, marital status, past ear diseases, and hypertension were relatively independent factors that affected the cognitive level(P<0.05).@*Conclusions@#Age-related hearing loss is the risk factor for the cognitive impairment, especially for abstraction and orientation, in the elderly. The self-reported hearing loss is an independent risk factor for cognitive impairment.
ABSTRACT
Objective Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE),frequently accompanied by working memory dysfunction,is an important form of adult epilepsy syndrome.Study on neural mechanisms of TLE with working memory dysfunction has important scientific value and clinical significance.Theta oscillations are synchronous activity of the brain in the 4-8 Hz frequency range.It is well recognized that there is a close relationship between the theta oscillations and working memory behavior.TLE patients with working memory dysfunction were taken as the research subjects,and the theta oscillations absence in TLE with working memory behavioral disorder was carried out,which provide the reference for further research into the neural mechanisms of TLE with working memory dysfunction.Methods The 34-channel electroencephalographs (EEGs) were recorded from TLE group (18 TLE patients) and control groups (18 healthy subjects) while subjects were performing visual working memory (delayed matching-tosample) tasks.The EEGs during the 3 s delay period was analyzed as experimental data.Fourier transform was used to assess the EEGs spectrum.The channel with the strongest spectrum was selected as the feature channel.Short-time Fourier transform algosiths was employed to calculate the time-frequency representation of the feature channel for the TLE and control groups.Frequency band with the strongest spectrum was selected for control group as the feature frequency band in working memory.Then,the topographical maps of the feature frequency band spectrum were calculated for the TLE and control groups.Results Compared with the control group,the working memnory behavioral performance of the TLE group was lower:accuracy of the TLE group was significantly lower than that of the control group (P＜0.05),and reaction time of the TLE group was significantly longer than that of the control group (P＜0.001).The feature channel in working memnory was frontal midline (Fz) and the feature frequency band was theta band.The Fz spectrum of the feature frequency for TLE was lower than that for control (P＜0.05).The frontal spectrum (seven channels) of the feature frequency for TLE was lower than that of control (P＜0.01).Conclusions Theta oscillations for TLE with working memory behavioral disorder is absent,which maybe one of the possible neural mechanism of TLE with working memory dysfunction.